"What is Urine DR Test: Complete Guide to Normal Ranges, Results & Meaning"

What is Urine DR Test? Complete Guide with Normal Ranges

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A Urine DR test (Urine Detailed Report) is one of the most common and simple diagnostic tests. It helps doctors check your overall health, kidney function, and possible infections by analyzing different substances in your urine. This test is usually recommended if you have symptoms like burning urination, frequent urination, pain in the abdomen, fever, or suspected diabetes or kidney issues.

Let’s break down the main components of the Urine DR Test one by one with examples and normal ranges.

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1. pH (Acidity or Alkalinity of Urine)

• Meaning: Shows how acidic or alkaline your urine is.

• Normal Range: 4.6 – 8.0

• Example:

  • A pH below 5 may indicate acidosis or a diet high in protein.

  • A pH above 8 may suggest urinary infection or a vegetarian diet.

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2. Protein

• Meaning: Protein in urine (proteinuria) may suggest kidney problems.

• Normal Range: Negative or trace amounts.

• Example:

  • High protein may be seen in nephrotic syndrome, hypertension, or diabetes.

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3. Glucose

• Meaning: Detects sugar in urine.

• Normal Range: Negative

• Example:

  • Presence of glucose usually points to uncontrolled diabetes.

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4. Ketones

• Meaning: Produced when the body burns fat for energy instead of glucose.

• Normal Range: Negative

• Example:

  • Ketones appear in diabetic ketoacidosis, starvation, or low-carb diets.

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5. Blood (Hematuria)

• Meaning: Detects red blood cells or hemoglobin in urine.

• Normal Range: Negative

• Example:

  • May indicate kidney stones, infection, or trauma.

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6. Pus Cells (Leukocytes)

• Meaning: White blood cells (WBCs) in urine suggest infection.

• Normal Range: 0 – 5 per high-power field (HPF)

• Example:

  • Increased pus cells = Urinary Tract Infection (UTI).

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7. Red Blood Cells (RBCs)

• Meaning: Microscopic blood in urine.

• Normal Range: 0 – 2 per HPF

• Example:

  • High RBCs may be due to stones, kidney disease, or bladder infection.

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8. White Blood Cells (WBCs)

• Meaning: Shows immune response inside urinary tract.

• Normal Range: 0 – 5 per HPF

• Example:

  • Higher count often confirms infection or inflammation.

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9. Bacteria

• Meaning: Indicates microbial growth in urine.

• Normal Range: None seen

• Example:

  • Presence of bacteria = UTI or poor sample collection hygiene.

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10. Nitrite

• Meaning: Some bacteria convert nitrate → nitrite.

• Normal Range: Negative

• Example:

  • Positive nitrite test suggests bacterial UTI (especially E. coli).

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Key Takeaway

The Urine DR test is a simple yet powerful tool to detect kidney problems, urinary tract infections, diabetes, and metabolic disorders. Always consult your doctor to interpret results correctly because variations may depend on diet, hydration, and medical history.

👉 Regular urine testing helps in early detection and prevention of serious health issues.